Applications of Nanotechnology in the defense and military field

In this video we are going to explain about nanotechnology applications in the defense and military feild in Telugu

Sensors for Chemical and Biological Warfare Agents

The detection of chemical and biological warfare agents, radiological agents, and other hazardous vapors has significant import for both the military and homeland security efforts. Small, lightweight, portable, and high sensitive sensors based on nanomaterials are currently being developed and evaluated.

Using Gold Nanoparticles in Sensors for Chemical and Biological Warfare Agents - What This Process Involves

Gold nanoparticles have been investigated for use in sensors for both chemical and biological warfare agents. In one example, ‘chemi-resistors’ comprised of thin films of nanogold particles encapsulated in monomolecular layers of fictionalized alkanethiols deposited on interdigitated microelectrodes reversibly absorb vapors. Monolayer swelling or dielectric alteration in the thin film caused by absorption of the vapor molecules causes a small current. The system appears to have minimal water sensitivity, but can detect harmful vapors down to the parts per billion level or lower. Selectivity of the sensors can be tailored by changing the structure and functionality of the alkanethiol.

Using Nanoparticles in Microchips that Detect Chemical, Biological and Radiological Agents - What this Process Involves

Microchips for detecting chemical, biological and radiological agents that are based on nanoparticles are also being developed. Nanoparticles are laid on a chip, followed by a layer of a special polymer, and then a layer of receptor molecules, with each layer only a few nanometers thick.

In the presence of the warfare agent, a color change occurs. The extent of the color fade is indicative of the gas concentration. With trillions of specific sensor molecules on each chip, detection of only a few molecules of gas could be possible. The chips are designed to be embedded on military vehicles, clothes, buildings and other objects.

Sensors That Use Metal Nanocluster Resonance Technology - Applications and Processes

Sensors that rely on metal nanocluster resonance technology have potential application as detection systems for warfare agents. In these devices, metal clusters that are deposited on a substrate and positioned at a nanometric distance from a wave-reflecting layer act as nanoresonators and are able to receive, store, and transmit energy within the visible and infrared range. The sensitivity can be very high for biorecognition binding as well as structural changes in nucleic acids, proteins, and polymers.

Destruction of Warfare Agents Using Magnetic Nanoparticles and Nanocrystalline Metal Oxides

Destruction of stockpiled warfare agents and decontamination of exposed personnel is equally important to the military and for homeland defense. Both magnetic nanoparticles and nanocrystalline metal oxides have been investigated for this purpose.

Detoxification Processes Using Magnetic Nanoparticles

The use of magnetic nanoparticles to detoxify contaminated military personnel or civilians following a poison gas attack is under investigation by several research groups. Magnetic nanoparticles functionalized to bind with the foreign toxin are injected into the body and drawn through it using a magnetic field gradient. In order for the nanoparticles to be pulled along with the bound toxin molecules, they must have a very high magnetic moment. Gold coated iron, nickel and cobalt ferromagnetic nanoparticles have been employed in this “tag and drag” approach. Researchers are currently searching for cheaper and lighter weight organic coatings.